Gun Violence Sets A Blood-Soaked Benchmark Each Time - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 890 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/20 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Gun Violence Essay Did you like this example? Gun Violence Sets A Blood-Soaked Benchmark Each Time What Can We Do? Schools are considered as homes to several students across the country in a panglossian view. The wounds of parents losing their children are on an unprecedented rise and those wounds can never be healed. Those who escaped the macabre dance of death are traumatized by the memories of their friends and colleagues mowed down in front of them. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gun Violence Sets A Blood-Soaked Benchmark Each Time" essay for you Create order Schools are places where a person learns to comport, couth, and grow emotionally and intellectually. When a person walks into the school in the morning, one should be able to reassure their family that they will be back home later in the day without having to face any danger. School- safety is supposed to be a top priority to make school a positive, healthy, safe and comfortable environment which plays a colossal role in a students life. This, unfortunately, is much more difficult to do so in our current society. Places around the country have had to face menacing situations that involve violence that causes harm and chaos in a so called safe school environment. Schools need to reassure people that their safety is paramount. A positive and safe school environment can be provided by giving mental and emotional support to students, improving the safety procedures during emergency situations, and adding precautionary equipment to the school. The mental or emotional state of a person can influence their actions a lot more than we notice. Students and teachers constantly have a lot of things to face throughout the school year and having to keep to themselves might as well cause them to do things they do not intend to do. People need to be able to share their thoughts and emotions with someone they trust, and they need to feel free to talk to them and take advice from them. Schools need to make it a habit that everyone is required to talk to the guidance counselors at least once in a month, so they would not have to deal with high-stress levels on their own. Schools should talk to the students about the importance of not hurting others as well as not getting hurt. Bullying and peer pressure are common issues t hat are faced by teenagers and this might influence them to be apoplectic. The schools need to provide support and help to people dealing with mental illnesses or emotional disturbances. The incident at Marjory Douglas High School, Parkland Florida happened because a 19-year-old named Nikolas Cruz needed mental support. If they could have provided him with that, those innocent civilians may not have had to end up in a situation like that. The disturbed human mind is sensitive and can make you do a lot of things, some of them you will highly regret. Safety procedures during emergency situations such as attacks can be modified to provide the student and faculty a better chance at survival. Classrooms can be set in a certain way to enable better safety and cause less harm. Students and teachers can work as a team to ensure everyones safety. Help from the police department is very important as well. The local police should have access to the schools layout. There should be a prior rescue plan in place in the eventuality of an attack. Classrooms have mere seconds to react before the crisis has started causing harm, and seconds are not enough for them to lock doors, shut the screens, get everyone together in a certain spot and take attendance. The schools should run through these modified procedures frequ ently to ensure that the students and the faculty are comfortable with them. Precautionary equipment can be added around the school to avoid emergency situations. Metal detectors at every entrance to the school can help keep guns, knives and other harmful things out of the school. Along with having metal detectors, having full body scans is another resort to identifying harmful equipment. Having these kind of equipment can help the school get a little more time to start the safety procedures. Having this kind of detectors can also help the school get help a lot faster than having to call for help after the attack has started causing harm. Precautionary equipment can help the school keep things under control in emergency situations along with providing a better chance of survival in unexpected events, or preventing them altogether.Schools are said to be vulnerable and yet it ought not to mean a disaster on such high scales can occur so easily. Schools should be able to protect the people under unfavorable circumstances. Vowing to arm teachers in the aftermath of a massive attack is quite a malarkey and its another rambling piece of twaddle exposing a meaningless political view. It will also not take much time for the obtuse NRA to resurface with their twisted n arrative of spreading the usage of guns. Schools can, however, provide a positive and healthy school environment by ensuring the safety of the students and the faculty and this can be done by providing mental and emotional support to those who need it, by improving the safety procedures taken during emergency situations and also by adding precautionary equipment to the school. These improvements and modifications will make a school a home again in the future just like it has in the past.

Attitudes Towards Same-Sex Marriage Essay - 1969 Words

Over the course of the last several decades, attitudes in the U.S. about same-sex marriage have been shifting from conservative to more liberal. Many factors such as change in attitude of older generations, as well as wider acceptance among younger generations, have contributed to this shift in outlook. But even with the support the gay and lesbian community has been gaining, many still oppose same-sex marriage and rights’, and most states still ban the legalization of it. Even with all the opposition though, within the next thirty years, acceptance of same-sex marriage will continue to grow resulting in changes in law that allow for same-sex marriage in most states. Even though same-sex marriage is illegal in most states, the trend in†¦show more content†¦If this upward trend continues the way it has thus far, the majority of Americans will soon be supporting same-sex marriage well before this decade is over. So why have recent generations been recently experiencing a change in attitude toward the issue? Experts believe both current younger, as well as older generations, have both been transforming from a more conservative mindset to a more liberalized mindset due to exposure to gay and lesbians and various cultural events that have been brought to light in recent decades (Madrid Rice, 2013, p. 46; Baunach, 2011, p. 350). Older generations, who had not previously had much contact or knowledge of homosexuals in the past, have now become more comfortable with them because of the exposure gays and lesbians have in modern society. More and more gays and lesbians have become open about their homosexuality to the general public in recent decades, giving heterosexuals more exposure to homosexuality that they previously might not have been exposed to. This exposure could have lead them to dispel any myths, preconceived notions or even unwarranted fear of what they did not know. Additionally, various cultural and entertainment events have been brought to the spotlight also adding to this exposure. The AIDS/HIV pandemic, court cases and legislation such as â€Å"Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell†, the murder of Mathew Shepard- an openly gay man in conservative Wyoming, and television and movie entertainment suchShow MoreRelatedThe Issue With Same-Sex Marriages1568 Words   |  6 Pagesdebate about the issue of same-sex marriage. For many, it is one of the fundamental human rights to love and marry whomever one chooses. Others feel that this right should be ruled by certain moral codes and restrictions in order to maintain the basic moral fabric of Western society. Today, many critics who advocate for the legalization of same-sex marriage across the United States do so on the grounds of the fact that it will create a more equal and fair society. Same-sex marriage, or indeed simply theRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage1664 Words   |  7 Pag esconclusions which declare that every generation after the Salient Generation (1928-45) is more in favor of same-sex marriage. The primary component here is that â€Å"younger generations express higher levels of support for same-sex marriage† (Mitchell). As far as reflecting the change in attitudes, the data shows that older generations â€Å"have become more supportive of same-sex marriage in the past decade† (Mitchell). In relation to Lewis and Gossett’s research, their research aligns in their claim thatRead MoreMarriage Equality For Same Sex Couples1480 Words   |  6 Pagesily Studies Interest Research Project Marriage Equality for Same-Sex Couples in Australia. Tiarne Milton Year 12, CAFS Mrs Stamoudis Table Of Contents Abstract/summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Acknowledgments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Review of existing research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreArgument Analysis on Gay Marriage1483 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis on Gay Marriage There are many controversies surrounding todays world, such as abortion, animal testing, and social reform issues. It seems that no one can come to a common agreement on the legitimacy of these topics. Personal characteristics, such as upbringing, culture, religion and ethnicity, all play a role in determining ones feelings on a given controversial issue. However, one of the most protested and discussed issues in current political debate is same-sex marriage. There is no rightRead MoreAdult Relationships And Same Sex Marriage897 Words   |  4 Pages Historically, there is limited evidence for cultures that that relied on same sex marriage as a primary relationship structure. However, currently there is growing cultural acceptance of same sex marriage and gay-affirming communities in which same sex relationships and same sex marriages experience support (Baunach, 2012). According to the 2010 United States Census, same sex households ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬â€œalso called unmarried same sex partner households–grew by 80.4% between the 2000 and 2010 US Census. OneRead MoreSynthesis Paper on Gay Marriage1240 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle, â€Å"Gay marriage proposals destructive to society, Vatican official says,† is an argument against gay marriage. The author, John Thavis, claims that homosexuals are just struggling to find themselves and that same-sex marriage disrupts the normal sexuality and fertility of a couple. In â€Å"Support for Homosexuals’ Civil Liberties†, Kristin Kenneavy discusses how religious o utlooks influence a family’s beliefs on same sex marriage. The two articles show the different views on gay marriage by explainingRead MoreThe Acceptance And Tolerance Towards Gay Rights974 Words   |  4 Pagesand tolerance towards gay rights. For example, you proposed the scenario in which a woman did not want to offer her services to gay couples, and everyone in the class agreed that she should indeed be forced to offer her services. Christina even stated why do people care what other people do in their life? While listening to everyone’s opinions on gay rights, I got the impression that we are somewhat intolerant towards individuals who did not agree with gay rights. I witness this same intoleranceRead MoreThe Issue of Gay Marriages918 Words   |  4 PagesGay marriage has come to be a pressing topic in the contemporary society as more and more individuals get actively involved in discussing it. Individuals who oppose same-sex marriage are typically inclined t o bring on a deontological argument or to say that legalizing the act might bring on other issues. In contrast, people who support gay marriages focus on matters related to human rights and justice. The arguments generated by each of the sides are certainly thought-provoking and it is very difficultRead MoreLgbt Orientation And The Lgbt Community1597 Words   |  7 Pages The numerous controversial issues surrounding gays and lesbians, including same-sex marriage, adoptions, and school gay-straight alliances, have brought sexual orientation and homophobia to the front of American social conscience. Although gays and lesbians seem to be more visible in the United States and media images of gays and lesbians have become familiar, violence against gays and lesbians continues to rise and anti-gay measures are common in the political arena. However the question that AmericansRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1351 Words   |  6 Pagesfor United States, gay marriage became legal in a ll 50 states. In most states it already was but the remaining 13 became legal this year. There are many concerns regarding gay marriage, and the effects of them involve many legislative, cultural, religious and family issues. Gay marriage is controversial because a lot of people do not approve of it, they think it is immoral, unnatural, and not what the traditional concept of â€Å"marriage† really means. Opponents of gay marriage say it is only meant for

Evolution Of Forensic Psychology (300 Level Underg Essay Example For Students

Evolution Of Forensic Psychology (300 Level Underg Essay raduate) The discipline of clinical psychology is evolving. Clinical psychologists are no longer limited to couches and working out of their own offices. They are now being put in the stand in courtrooms all over the world. Not because they are on trial themselves, however. Rather, they are there to share their expertise in areas that involve an individual in legal matters. The field of forensic psychology has grown in the 21st century because courtrooms recognize the value of psychologists testimonies to help juries reach a clearer verdict. Not only that, but psychologists can help identify competence to stand trial, perform psychological autopsies and criminal profiling, and also aid in child custody cases. Like all fields in psychology, forensics has many perspectives. This walk-through of forensic psychology will discuss the history, methods, and prospects for the future of this field. Perspectives and History There is not a singular function that clinical psychologists perform in the legal system. Rather, there are many different roles and areas that they can undertake. For example, they can focus on law enforcement psychology, the psychology of litigation, correctional psychology, and forensic psychology (Nietzel, Bernstein, Milich, 1998). However, the latter is our main focus. Forensic psychology involves many different areas in which clinical psychologists can be considered experts in: competency to stand trial and criminal responsibility, psychological damages in civil trials, civil competencies, psychological autopsies and criminal profiling, and child custody and parental fitness (Nietzel et al., 1998). Methods of Intervention and Change The reason why criminal competence is necessary to establish is because according to United States law, the criminal must understand the nature and purpose of the proceedings. This is required for several reasons. First, if the defendant is competent, the results of the trial are more likely to be accurate. Second, it would be considered immoral to sentence a convicted defendant of something that he or she doesnt understand. Lastly, the whole theory behind our judicial system relies on the defendant being able to defend his or herself in court. If the defense believes the defendant was not competent at the time of the unlawful act, the defense can plead not guilty by reason of insanity. Then forensic psychologists can testify whether or not they believe the defendant is insane or not. If the defendant is found to be insane, then the judge sentences him or her to a mental institution until the judge is convinced that the defendant is ready to be released. If the defendant is not found to be insane, then the trial proceeds. Several rules have been made in determining insanity, which have changed over the years to accommodate changing standards. Such rules include the McNaughton, Durham, and ALI rule (Nietzel et al.,1998). Forensic psychologists also examine psychological damages in civil trials. One of their duties is to decide whether these damages were due to the tort, which is the wrongful act that causes harm to an individual. The psychologist performs assessments similar to regular clinical assessments that include social history, clinical interview, psychological testing, and available records. After the assessment, the expert decides if the psychological damage was present before the tort, or if it occurred due to the tort. Another duty of forensic psychologists is to examine workers compensation cases. They must decide how long the worker needs to recover from mental damages that their work-place may have caused. Similar to the tort cases, the expert must discover whether the injury was due to the place of employment or if it was already present (Nietzel et al., 1998). .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 , .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .postImageUrl , .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 , .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:hover , .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:visited , .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:active { border:0!important; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:active , .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320 .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8ecee4fc2d8a915b824b2c1acd005320:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Education After School Essay Civil competencies deal with whether or not a person is able to understand information that is used to make decisions and then act accordingly. Examples include whether a person is capable of managing financial situations, or if he or she is able to choose or refuse medical treatment. Scholars have agreed that four abilities are necessary to make decisions competently: understanding information pertaining to the decision to be made, applying that information with concern to the consequences of the decision, thinking rationally to evaluate strategies, and the communication of the decision. It is up to the clinical psychologist to determine if the person is making a rational decision by means of .

Tv Advertising vs Online Advertising free essay sample

According to Waterman et al (2009) Internet advertising remains small, but is growing even more quickly than multinational television advertising. With the wide reach and easy access to the internet as a media and the various paid product reviews available on the internet (Kerchief,2009), it has become important for advertisers to understand what drives the consumer to pay attention to one media more than the other, and the factors which affect recall. Is it just based on needs or does the trust generated by an advertisement affect consumer perception of the product or the brand?Advertising today is based on what the consumer needs, the advertisers then make an effort to convert the need into a wanted by the means of an advertisement which allows them to retain the consumer and generate a certain level of recall and brand value. The advertisers do this by trying to understand the consumers needs and their goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Tv Advertising vs Online Advertising or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They make the consumers feel they can achieve their goals by using the product by portraying the product in such a way which is reflective of the target nonusers perception of desired self (Coffman and Kane, 2007, peg 87). The fact that consumers have a choice, even in terms Of the advertising they want to be exposed to, has to be taken seriously by researchers. Therefore the medium which is used to reach to the audience and its effectiveness in terms of the trust of the consumer in the medium and the recall it generates is of immense importance (Coffman and Kane, 2007, peg 13). Deducted (1996) suggests that most exposures to advertisements are made when the consumer is not actually shopping for the products, thus they are a waste.Therefore the advertisers now focus on the interactive element of advertising which gives them the scope to get the consumer to revert back to the company and 4 build a long term relationship with them. With the growth of internet advertising the advertisers have more opportunities to reach out to the consumers and get them involved (Evans, 2009). This study is aimed at consumers who are well exposed to the television and internet as advertising media. This study has been und ertaken to understand the factors which motivate people to pay attention to the various types of advertisement in a particular media. The study looks to understand the consumers take on which media works for them better in terms of recall and trust. Wang et al (2002) suggest that it is important to understand that the consumer is not passive and evaluates their need satisfaction before purchasing a product, thus advertising needs to ensure that it should not only be able to gain the consumers attention but also gain their trust in order to convert the curiosity about a product or service into a successful enquiry for the product.Nelsons Online Global Survey (2009) shows that people trust television advertisements more as compared to online banner advertisements, although the degree of trust in online reviews is much higher than that of trust in television advertisements. The survey suggests that all over the world 61% people trust television advertising, whereas in Europe 49% completely or somewhat trust television advertising. The Global average for trust in online media is 41 % whereas the trust in Europe is 36%. Stone (1999) suggests that internet allows not only two way communications but also scope for a commercial transaction; therefore it is easier to convert advertisements into business transactions online, thus increasing value to customers who would otherwise place their orders on the phone or visit a store. The Nelsons online consumer sunny (2009) suggests that two thirds of the global consumer thinks that advertising allows the consumers to make more informed choices. The survey also suggests that the highest trusted form paid advertising is signed up e-mails followed by brand sponsorships. Consumer trust is often subjective based on familiarity with the brand and the medium and the security of the consumer, apart from the perceived risk. (Ha , 2004). It is thus important to understand how these factors lead a nonuser to perceive the relevance of a particular medium particularly internet. Another important factor is the value of the information passed on to the consumer as it is one of the main functions of advertise inning 5 (Kettle et al 2009).The relevance and the accuracy of the content contribute to the trustworthiness of an online advertiser. (Abeles et al, 1999). The way the content is presented also often aids recall. The consumers find advertisements with comic content easier to recall in both television and online advertising, although the television advertisements are more engaging Han online advertisements based on comic element, emotion and the informational content. (The Nelson online consumer survey,2009). This study has been conducted based on a combination of secondary and primary research.The secondary research has been used to understand the already existing data and expert opinions of the researchers related to online and television advertising in order to build a foundation for the research. Further a survey and In depth Interviews have also been conducted to understand the following: Which media is preferred better by the consumer? Which types of online advertisements are more popular? Is online advertising more specific and informative? Does television advertising motivate the consumer to buy the product? What are the tangibl es that a consumer notices about a television advertisement?What factors aid recall in both Television and Online Advertising? The data has been collected and systematically analyzed, based on which conclusions have been drawn. The study also has some limitations and managerial implications which have been discussed later. 1. 2 AIM The study aims to understand the consumer perception of the current television and online advertising. It aims to understand which form of advertising do consumers prefer 6 and also establish the reasons as to why consumers prefer one form of advertising over the other. . 3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives for the study are as follows: To understand consumer preference between Television advertising and Online advertising. To establish grounds based on which consumers may prefer one form of To understand the factors which enhance consumer recall and trust in Television and Internet 2. LITERATURE REVIEW In order to understand how consumers perceive advertising on television and on the internet, it is important to understand how consumers perceive advertising in the first place. The literature review forms in this study forms the basis for conducting primary research. The work of various authors has been studied, reviewed and analyses in order to gain insights on what have been the trends of consumers till now relating to television advertising and internet advertising. The literature review also studies the scope in television and online advertising. 2. 1 CONSUMER PERCEPTION OF ADVERTISING Advertising by definition is a structured and composed, non personal form of communication of information. Most advertising we see, in most mass media a s consumer oriented.The focus of all of it is to drive the end consumer to purchase the product or service (Arena, 2006). Literature suggests that advertising is not necessarily seen with keen interest, unless what is being advertised is of value to the consumer. Whether its television watching or 7 internet browsing, there are multiple activities carried out by the consumers, especially in order to avoid the commercial breaks and in case of the internet, consumers have the free choice to close the advert all together or to skip it (Blunder Blunder 1 996; Coffman and Kane, 2007).It is important to track consumer attitudes towards advertising due the cumulative effect the consumer attitude can have on the exposure, attention and reaction that consumers have towards any particular advertisement. (Alit Paragraph, 1 999) Blunder Blunder (1996) in their book advertising in a multimedia age mention that with the advent of globalization, the new media particularly internet provides a platform for advertisers to send out a globally uniform message across various cultures without many extra costs. Key roles of Advertising to the consumer Information Entertainment Every day culture Figure 1According to a report of Advertising Standards Authority prepared by Retells and Hutchinson (2002) the consumer views advertising to be a part of daily life, in the absence of which life could be dull and boring. According to this report the consumers perceive advertising to have the following roles: Everyday Culture: Advertising today blends into the daily life of people, by creating needs and wants in their minds. Advertising also generates views of how 8 people want to be seen in the society and forms the basis of self image. This fact mentioned by Retells and Hutchinson (2002) is also backed by the hero of Self -Perception (Coffman and Kane, 2007) which states that the consumer observes and makes judgments about their own behavior and choices. In case a decision works in their favor they would attribute the success to themselves and incase it does not they would attribute it to the source. Marketers use the theory of Self Perception using the Attitude towards the ad model of consumer behavior given by Coffman and Kane (2007).The authors state that the consumer forms various feeling and judgments based on the exposure to an advertisement which in turn affect he consumers attitude and their perception towards a brand based on what it could make them look like or what it would deliver to them. Entertainment: Retells and Hutchinson (2002) in their research found out those 2 things which drive consumers towards advertising especially in terms of television advertising is that firstly they are high on entertai nment. The consumers today feel that the advertising is very clever and the consumer has to pay attention to get to the message.Another feature which consumers enjoy is humor which seems to make its way into the consumers mind. This hero is relevant for both Television and Internet advertisements which try to work on the emotional appeal. Tony Yeshiva (2006) in his book Advertising states that humor when integrated well with the brand messages and imagery with an element of surprise is seen to enhance attention, credibility, recall, evaluation and purchase intention as shown by various researchers. (Weinberg et al, 1995; Cline et al, 2003; Alden, Musketeer Hoer, 2000).Information: consumers value the information provided by advertising and prefer advertisements which inform them about new products or offers or rises of products rather than just acting as reminders of the brand (Retells and Hutchinson, 2002). Tony Yeshiva (2007) in his book Advertising talks about the Informational function of advertising and states that the advertising focuses on keeping the customer informed, the information itself could be for a new product to a new user, for an old product to a new user, new uses of an old product etc. 9 based on the purpose of advertising.According to the Nelson online global survey (2009) on Advertising, by providing information advertising allows consumers to make better choices. Apart from that advertising delivers ales such as public service economic opportunities and creating value for customer via competition. It is at the same time important to understand what the consumer perceives of different t media which advertisers use. According to various authors despite consumers]s opinion of it being intrusive, Television remains the biggest medium for advertising. (Kerchief, 2009; Tony Yeshiva, 2006; Retells Hutchinson, 2002).According to Kerchief (2009) in the time Of recession where every form of advertising is seeing a downfall, it is only internet advertising that has seen growth. Kerchief (2009) in her work also mentions hat interactive advertising on platforms such as social networks, gaming mobiles, online videos and websites holds the key to the future of advertising. Thus it can be said on the understanding of the work of authors mentioned above that consumer attitudes towards advertising are based on their day to day preferences, way of living and culture. 2. THE GROWTH ONLINE ADVERTISING With the growth of new media the advertising is moving from the push concept of marketing towards the pull concept of marketing (Blunder Blunder Blunder Blunder, 1996). According to Corey (2005) pull strategy s designed to generate underscore response. It is used as a tool Of trust building interactive form of communication which leads to the consumer pulling the products through channels. Corey (2005) also states that Pull strategy has often been seen to establish a brand identity and personality, by allowing the consumer to interact with the brand.Blunder Blunder (1996) suggests that the advertising in the new media, particularly internet focuses on three main elements: 10 Communication: the message should be clear and innovative represented to gain consumer attention and retain it as well. Information: the information provided should be relevant and easy to understand and should motivate consumer response. Service: there should be sources of instant set-vice available in order to cater to any consumer interaction.The authors (Blunder Blunder, 1996) mentions in the book Advertising in a Multi Media Age, that it is important to deliver the above three elements to the consumer as with the growth in technology the communication is now on a one to one basis. The consumer engages with the message directly due to its constant availability and no space or time constraints. This also works to the advantage of advertisers as they are able to keep a tab on consumer responses and the message can be altered easily and widely sent without compromising on content.The authors suggest that the success of online advertising is based on the level of involvement it is able to generate with the consumer rather than the exposure. With its wide reach and scope for interactivity, online advertising can lead to serious branding activities. Previous researches have shown that consumers find advertising on the internet both informative and entertaining; however the consumer focus mains on the informative element of the advertising (Deducted, 1996; Ditz et al, 1996; Meta and Siva, 1995). Advertising on the Internet is a great source of income for web based business. And with further growth predicted for internet, it is growing into a global phenomena reducing the cost and increasing the effectiveness of advertising by allowing the marketers to target the consumers who are interested in their products and services and are more likely to act on the advertisements they are exposed to. (Evans, 2009) Online Advertising revenue has increased from 8. Billion dollars in 2000 to 21. 2 billion dollars in 2007.

Dwight Eisenhower Essays - Dwight D. Eisenhower, Free Essays

Dwight Eisenhower Essays - Dwight D. Eisenhower, Free Essays Dwight Eisenhower If you listened in history class you probably have heard his name before. He was born in a small town called Deniso in western Texas in the year 1890 (Hargrove 22).Then he and his family moved to a railroad town called Abilene in the state of Kansas. Here Dwight Eisenhower grew up with his 13 other family members. (Hargrove 19). Dwight David Eisenhower is one of Americas greatest heroes with his military career to his two terms as President of the United States. Dwight Eisenhower had many accomplishments to and from West Point through World War One. Ike Eisenhower wanted to serve his country in any way he could. He found the idea of being a sailor in the U.S Navy intriguing, but when he later applied for entering he found that he was too old at the age of 20. Then after studying hard Eisenhower was accepted at the West Point Military Academy with the help of a U.S senator (Hargrove 33). At college Ike showed himself as a hero on the Army Football team as an end (Hargrove 34). He also found an easier procedure for working advanced calculus (Hargrove 36). At the end of his college career in 1915, Eisenhower graduated number 61 out of a class of 164 (Hargrove 38). Eisenhower's military journey began during World War One. When he graduated college World War One was still raging through Europe. Instead of fighting in the infantry overseas Eisenhower was to stay home on U.S bases (Hargrove 41). After being promoted to a Lieutenant Colonel, Eisenhower was sent to Camp Colt to train soldiers about tanks (Hargrove 42). Then in the year 1933 he became one of the important advisers to General Douglas MacArther (Hargrove 45). Dwight David Eisenhower worked his way up through the ranks during World War Two and then led the Allies to victory in D-Day. Dwight showed his skill of organizing the movement of large numbers of troops. He was then promoted several times in the next few years.Then in 1941 Eisenhower was promoted to Chief of Staff of the Third Army (Hargrove 49). Then shortly after the promotion to "Chief of Staff", Ike was again promoted to the position of Brigadier General (Hargrove 50). Soon he was put in charge of the Allied forces in Europe (Hargrove 52). He now controlled the armies of the United States, Britain, and Canada (Hargrove 7). Eisenhower and other Allied Generals planned the invasion of Normandy (Hargrove 12). Eisenhower would lead the 6,483 sea vessels, about 800,000 men, and 12,000 aircraft across the English Channel to Normandy France (Benson 12). Eisenhower had hoped that the Germans would fear an invasion at the close French city of Calais ("The Beaches of..." 9). There were to be five beaches invaided with the code names; Omaha, Utah, Gold, Sword, and Juno ("The beaches of..." 28). In the end Dwight D. Eisenhower led the Allies to victory on June 6,1944. If Eisenhower had made a wrong choice, Hitler would have continued to rain V-1 & V-2 rockets on London (Benson 7). Eisenhower had now successfully completed the most important invasion in history wiping out all most 100% of German units. Luckily Allied forces only suffered 76% casualties (Barry 30). Dwight Eisenhower was one of the most popular and successful presidents in our country's history. Eisenhower was elected to the office of president twice. His first term with vice president Richard Nixion began in 1952 (Hargrove 65). Then again in 1956 Dwight Eisenhower was reelected to president winning by a landslide (Hargrove 76). Dwight Eisenhower solved many problems of his era. He helped to stop the Korea war with peacetalks (Hargrove 67). Eisenhower also enforced the desegregation of public schools making way for the start of equal schooling (Hargrove 79). Dwight Eisenhower substantially helped prevent what could have been an all out war in the Middle East (Reeder 149). Eisenhower started many important programs and made great advancements in the United States. "The atom, once mans' slayer will now become his most productive servant". This is what Eisenhower said when he pushed for the start of the International Atomic Agency (Reeder 145). He also organized the Army to create a space program, which eventually launched Explorer I (Hargrove 81). President Eisenhower signed the two last states into the Union, Alaska and Hawaii (Hargrove 82). He also started to build a mass network of interstate across the country from coast to coast (Hargrove 82). On January 20, 1961 Dwight Eisenhower left the office of President and was succeeded by newly-elected President John F. Kennedy (Hargrove 87). In

Origins of Italian Surnames

Origins of Italian Surnames Whats in an Italian last name? Ask Leonardo da Vinci, Piero della Francesca, Alessandro Botticelli, or Domenico Ghirlandaio. They were all great artists of the Italian Renaissance, and their surnames paint a picture, too. On the Map Historically, many Italian last names were based on where a person lived or was born. Leonardo da Vincis family was from Vinci, a town in eastern Tuscany- hence his last name, meaning from Vinci. Ironically, during his lifetime, he was referred to solely by his first name. The sculptor Andrea Pisano, best known for his panels on the bronze south door of the Florence Baptistery, was originally named Andrea da Pontedra since he was born in Pontedra, a village near Pisa. He was later referred to as Pisano, indicating the town famous for the Leaning Tower. The single-named Perugino was from the town of Perugia. One of the most popular Italian last names today, Lombardi, is tied to the region of the same name. A Barrel of Laughs Ask most people to name a work of art by Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi and theyd be hard-pressed to name even one. But mention some of his famous works that hang in the Uffizi, such as The Birth of Venus or The Adoration of the Magi, and theyd probably recognize Botticelli. His name was derived from his elder brother Giovanni, a pawnbroker, who was called Il Botticello (The Little Barrel). Another Florentine artist from the fifteenth century with a colorful last name was Giuliano Bugiardini, which literally means little liars. Maybe his family was known for their storytelling skills. There are many other richly imagined, descriptive Italian last names, such as Torregrossa (big tower), Quattrochi (four eyes), Bella (beautiful), and Bonmarito (good husband). Mr. Smith Some Italian last names are related to a persons occupation or trade. Domenico Ghirlandaio, an Early Renaissance painter noted for his frescoes, probably had an ancestor who was a gardener or florist (the word ghirlanda means wreath or garland). Another Florentine painter, also famous for his frescoes, was known as Andrea del Sarto, but his real name was Andrea dAgnolo di Francesco. His moniker del sarto (of the tailor) was derived from his fathers profession. Other examples of Italian surnames related to jobs include Contadino (farmer), Tagliabue (ox-cutter or butcher), and Auditore (literally meaning a hearer, or listener and referring to a judge). Johnson, Clarkson, Robinson Piero di Cosimo, an Early Renaissance painter, adopted his last name as a patronym- that is, his last name was based on his fathers name (Piero di Cosimo- Peter son of Cosimo). Piero della Francesca, whose masterpiece fresco cycle the Legend of the True Cross can be seen in the 13th–century church of San Francesco in Arezzo, had a matronymic surname. That is, his last name was based on his mother’s name (Piero della Francesca- Peter son of Francesca). Left to the Wolves Italian last names typically arose from geographic location, description, patronym, or trade. Theres one other source that deserves mention, though, especially considering how prevalent the last name is. Esposito, literally meaning exposed (from the Latin expositus, past participle of exponere to place outside) is a Italian surname commonly denoting an orphan. Typically, abandoned children were left on church steps, hence the name. Other Italian last names derived from the practice include Orfanelli (little orphans), Poverelli (little poor (people), and Trovato/Trovatelli (found, little foundling). Top 20 Italian Last Names Below are the top 20 Italian surnames throughout Italy: RossiRussoFerrariEspositoBianchiRomanoColomboRicciMarinoGrecoBrunoGalloContiDe LucaCostaGiordanoManciniRizzoLombardiMoretti

Multiculturalism Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Multiculturalism - Research Proposal Example This also applies to the aspect of multiculturalism. Multiculturalism remains a controversial issue in many regions, including Canada. While some people consider it negative, some view it as positive. Nonetheless, the importance of multiculturalism is quite evident, thus it is important to explore the evidence that shows that multiculturalism is important in society.Thesis Statement/central argument A key argument in this proposal is that multiculturalism is a good thing in society, and so people need to embrace and develop this phenomenon, in order to realize development in various aspects of their lives and country. Methods and procedures In order to provide evidence to support the argument in this proposal, the method of literature review will be utilized. In this method, evidence will be drawn from past literature, which has focused on multiculturalism, as well as how this is important for the realization of development in the life of an individual, and in society as a whole. Evi dence and sources that will be used to support the argument The sources used will be drawn from various journals. Journal articles are authentic, thus reliable for supporting major arguments. Additionally, these provide valid information, which is also reliable and can be used for reference purposes. In total, seven journal articles will be utilized. These are published in various journals and focus on the issue of multiculturalism. Using these sources will help to support the argument that has been advanced in the proposal.

Does North Korea's Nuclear Program Pose an Immediate Threat to the U.S Research Paper

Does North Korea's Nuclear Program Pose an Immediate Threat to the U.S - Research Paper Example Thus, it is believed that North Korea’s nuclear program posed a threat to US interests in East Asia, especially to the America people. Its economy was a mess, and its significant source of income was a sale of missiles. Reasons why the North Korea’s nuclear program poses an immediate threat to the U.S United State government pre nuclear test evaluation of the threats emanating from the North Korea nuclear weapons was shaped by various strategies. Fuqua (124) indicate that the Bush administration considered a North Korea nuclear weapons capability as a fact. This suggestion reflected the view of the U.S intelligence community that had been assessed in past years that North Korea possessed one or two nuclear weapons. Meanwhile, U.S intelligence services that concluded in 2003 ascertain that North Korea had mastered the technology to build functional nuclear weapons without having to legalize the technology via nuclear tests. The Bush administration did not recognize the p ossibility of the North Korea nuclear arms as a direct threat to united state. Because the officials had concluded that the Korea lacked the capability to deliver any nuclear bombs it might posses to U.S territory. Fuqua (121) indicates that the Pyongyang did not have a successful, tested long variety ballistic missile at its disposal that would reach the Americas. However, it is believed that, the Korea was still far away from being capable to build a miniaturized nuclear warhead for the missile territory. The North Korea’s massive traditional military was a threat to Japan and South Korea deterred a preventive attack from the United States, and its regional friends regardless of the Korean nuclear weapons. From the strategies, the U.S used, the Korea was capable to pose a threat to its territory because of the threat of proliferation of nuclear weapons and fissile substance used. Lack of the perception of a direct contact to Korea nuclear caused threat to the United State. The transfer, of complete nuclear devices of fissile material to terrorist and other prominent states was a considerable threat to the U.S security emanating from the North’s nuclear weapons programs. According to Schneider (230), administration strategies used by U.S was a failure because it reflected the terrorism attack of 9/11 that was fueled by tangible evidence for Korea missile cooperation with Iran and Syria. Meanwhile, it provided evidence that Pyongyang’s extensive illicit networks had already entertained contacts to smuggling rings for material s and components for WMD. Schneider (256) indicates that the Bush administration managed to deal with the treat of North Korea nuclear transfers through a comprehensive deterrence strategy. However, the U.S declaratory policy addressed to Pyongyang remained underdeveloped before the Korea’s nuclear test because Bush team doubted the possibility to set a clear red line to Pyongyang. Therefore, Bush team is on re cord statement to discourage Korea proliferation activities that resulted low response by the secretary of state Colin Powel in the interview, in 2002. When asked if the U.S administration would let North Korea transfer weapons he said that the problem was a red line that needed to be closed positively. The Powell’s declaratory statement toward the Pyongyang reflected the preoccupation of the Bush administ

Private University In Sylhet, Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

Private University In Sylhet, Bangladesh Essay At first I want to give thanks to the almighty ALLAH for helping me to make this assignment. I also want to give thanks my course instructor Mr. Zubayer Al Mahmood sir for offering me to make such an interesting assignment for giving me valuable instruction to fulfill the assignment. I tried to put my best effort for making the assignment successful. By facing some obstacle such as, lack of information, lack of knowledge, lack of depth understanding about the Tourist places in Sylhet I have made this assignment. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ My selected presentation topic is â€Å"private university’s in Sylhet† Basically private universities founded by some private person who try to establish a higher education system for the students. All we are know that Private universities always play very important role in education sector. Very Huge number of students they study on private university. Every year private universities student’s r badly increased day bay day. There is some reason for this increasing. 1st of all private universities have some advantage and beside limited site number of public university’s and limited sit number. Besides there are other way to get higher education which is on national university’s and study abroad. Both of these systems have some disadvantage. That’s why Private University’s demand encasing day by day. Now let’s see about private universities of Sylhet. All we are know that there are 3 private University in Sylhet. Which is? ? Leading University ? Metropolitan University ? Sylhet International University Note: But good news is that some more private universities are waiting for government approved. They will start their academic curriculum soon. Northeast University Bangladesh is one of them. Northeast University gate Well, Leading University is the 1st government approved private university in Sylhet Division. Leading University started their academic curriculum on 2001 with the few number of student and few numbers of departments. It’s situated in â€Å"Modhubon Supermarket† in Bonder Bazar, which is the heart of Sylhet district. Now they have huge number of students and enough departments as well. Currently about 5000 students are studying here and also have 9 departments at Leading University. And 9 departments are given. below as a list. Library Room *And 9 departments are given below as a list. 1. Department of Business Administration 2. Department of Architecture 3. Department of Civil Engineering 4. Department of Computer Science Engineering 5. Department of Electrical Electronics Engineering 6. Department of English 7. Department of Law the University offers the following undergraduate programs: 8. Master of Business Administration 9. Master of Computer Science Engineering. University facilities: Mosque Well, This University provides huge number of facility’s for their student. The University follows the American system, with all its peculiarities, semester, credit, letter grades, credit transfer, a system tester and so on. Leading University provides activities designed by its own particular club, such as Debating Club, Sports Club, mosque, Cultural Activities Club, Social Service Club and Computer Club, BNCC, Sports club, And a Big Library. Computer Lab Now let’s know about Teacher Student Relationship: I can simply express this relation by using very well. Yes teacher Student Relation is very good. A relationship with your students that enables you to firstly be their mentor but also secondly to be their friend is a key aspect to becoming a successful teacher. We as teachers are the role models for the students. Having a trusting relationship with the students allows us to promote the best learning possible. Teacher is very helpful for the student especially for the wicked students. If any student get heard then teachers are try to convince them. Cultural Program Problems: There is some problem in Leading University. Some as there have no hostel facilities, small campus, no own playground etc Sylhet Metropolitan University is the second largest university in Sylhet. It’s situated in 7th to 8th floor Al Hamra Shopping Center in Zindabazar. The campus of this university is really nice, small and well decorated. There is also having sufficient students. Lot of department facility’s in here. In front of campus University facilities: Sylhet Metropolitan University provides lot of facility’s for their students. Such as digital class room ,nice Cantina facility’s, Debating Club, Sports Club, Cultural Activities Club, Social Service Club and Computer Club, BNCC, Sports club, And a Big. Library Room Library facilities. One special facility of this university’s is that have several Hostel’s facility. There have little number of students which is extra advantage of Sylhet Metropolitan University. Cultural Program Teacher Student Relationship: There also have nice teacher student relationship. Students are very interested to learn there lesion and teacher are also helpful. Sometimes teacher take extra classes if he get late to complete their syllabus. A relationship with your students that enables you to firstly be their mentor  but also secondly to be their friend is a key aspect to becoming a successful teacher. We as teachers are the role models for the students. Having a trusting relationship with the students allows us to promote the best learning possible. Canteen Problems: Every university has some problems. The main problems of Sylhet Metropolitan University’s is Small campus, no own campus, no big playground limited classroom, insufficient teachers etc. Sylhet International University is one of the private universities in Sylhet. The Sylhet International University a privately funded institution of higher learning and research is dedicated to providing quality education commensurate with investment. This is one of the largest universities in Sylhet. There have also huge number of students. It’s situated in Shamimabad Sylhet which is some of outside in main urban of Sylhet city. The principal aim of the Sylhet International University is to provide high quality education at undergraduate and postgraduate levels relevant to the needs of a dynamic society. University facilities: Sylhet International University also provides lot facility’s fore there students. Such as digital class room facility ,Cantina facility, Debating Club facility, Sports Club facility, Cultural Activities Club facility, Social Service Club facility and Computer Club facility, BNCC facility, Sports club facility, And a Big Library facility. One special facility of this university’s is that they have own campus and several hostel facility. Gate Teacher Student Relationship: Teacher and student relationship of this university’s is not so well. A relationship with your students that enables you to firstly be their mentor  but also secondly to be their friend is a key aspect to becoming a successful teacher. We as teachers are the role models for the students. Having a trusting relationship with the students allows us to promote the best learning possible. But one this is true that maximum student of this university they are addicted in politics and that is why teacher not interested to convince them. Campus Class Room Problems: Lots of problems are in these private universities; such as Political violation, small campus, and small class room, insufficient skilled teacher etc.

Cognitive Dissonance Theory Essay -- Essays Papers

Cognitive Dissonance Theory Leon Festinger shared his brilliance with the world when he, opposing all previous psychological behaviorist work, created the Cognitive Dissonance Theory. In his own words, he quickly sums up this quite complex theory: "If you change a person’s behavior, his thoughts and feelings will change to minimize the dissonance" (Groenveld, 1999, p.1). In order to decode this dense statement, we must first be aware that Festinger held to be true that humans have a deep abiding need in their psyche to be consistent in our attitudes and behaviors; we want to feel in agreement and unified in thought and action. Inner harmony sounds good to everyone, and so it was Festinger’s view that when we feel a disharmony, or dissonance, within ourselves, between two factors, we strive to decrease this tension by either changing our original thought, giving strength to the opposing thought, or letting go of the behavior. All three techniques are in the name of decreasing dissonance because it is threatening to experience such a large crack in our rationale that dissonance often creates. Say I realized the college I am attending is not offering me the classes I’m interested in. I am feeling a post-decision dissonance, now that I’ve chosen my school, within myself due to this logical inconsistency: I value a college that offers classes interesting to me. I am not attending a college that offers classes interesting to me. I really want to work it out because otherwise I feel scattered like a "schizophrenic" as Festinger put it. Since my belief and behavior conflict, I seek to eliminate and reconcile the difference by choosing one of three paths (TIP:Theories, 1999): 1. I can devalue my belief and say, "Classes ar... ...ns that women find they love guys that use or abuse them, which is an unhealthy extreme of the minimal justification theory. It happens very frequently in college. References Griffin, E. (1997). A first look at communication theory. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Groenveld, J. (1999). Totalism & group dynamics [online]. Available: http://www.crl.com/~tzimon/General/cult_tot.html . Kearsley, G.(1999). Cognitive dissonance. Theory into Practice (TIP) Database [online] Available: http://www.gwu.edu/~tip/festinge.htm. Neilands, T. (1995 Dec). The time course of the self-concept threat reduction process among low and high self-esteem individuals (dissertation). [Online]. Available: http://uts.cc.utexas.edu/~neilands/psych/research/bigd/ch6.htm. Trenholm, S. & Jensen, A. (1996). Interpersonal communication. New York: Wadworth Publishing Company.

The Great City of Calicut

The Great City of Calicut Located on the Malabar (southwestern) Coast of India was its port city of Calicut. Calicut, Kozhikode, was the capitol of a state which served as an important, if not the most important, state in the region in which it lay. Although Calicut lay on the coast, there was no place along its shore deep enough for ships to anchor. Still, as early as the fourteenth century, Calicut conducted a considerable amount of trade.According to the primary sources of Ibn Battuta, Ma Huan, and an annonymous crew member of Vasco da Gama’ s, Calicut flourished as a center of trade because of their resources and trade systems, among other factors, making lasting impressions on these and other foreign visitors. In the account recorded in the Roteiro (Logbook), of Vasco da Gama’s anonymous crew member, various resources of Calicut were given. Calicut was a supplier and producer of several desired spices, including ginger, pepper, and the cinnamon-like spice, cassia.B y the fifteenth century, Calicut had established a system for cultivating pepper. Among spices that were brought to Calicut and traded with other countries were cloves from the island of Melqua and true cinnamon from Cillion. In addition to their natural resources, the people of Calicut created and sold silk. Once the silk was acquired from the silkworm, it was boiled, dyed, then weaved into kerchiefs. Not only was Calicut admired for their resources, but Calicut established trade regulations among foreign countries that was both respected and appreciated.For example, Moroccan traveler-ambassador Ibn Battuta chronicled in his ribla (around 1356), book of travels, that when a ship wrecked along the Malabar Coast, all items from the ship were taken to the treasury. However, in Calicut, the owner of the wreckage was permitted to recollect his items. Merchants appreciated this, thus attracting further business. This policy was strategic of Calicut in that although they did not gain an i mmediate profit from the wrecked ships, long-term, trade efficiency increased, ultimately benefitting Calicut even more.In Chinese Muslim Ma Huan’s book, The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores, published in 1451, he gives a detailed description of Calicut’s trading process. Once a vessel arrived in Calicut, two chiefs were appointed to it to oversee transactions. The king of Calicut sends a chief, an accountant, and a broker to inspect the accountant books. After a date is chosen to fix prices, the price of each good brought to trade to Calicut is fixed, a description, much like a receipt, is given to both parties.Next, the chief, the accountant, and the commander of the visiting ship all shake hands and agree to never retract or change the price fixed for the goods. Then the accountant and wealthy men bring riches to be assessed and priced. This process takes between one and three days. This description shows that because Calicut had such a high volume of tra de, a system was developed and practiced to a â€Å"T† in order to maintain trade efficiency. This also assured that no one was cheated out of goods/money.According to the accounts of the above travelers, the development of Calicut was aided in part by their natural resources and trading systems and regulations. Chief among other factors as to why Calicut was so significant is that it served as a trading route, allowing duties to be paid to the Sultan. However, during these times, the state of Calicut was in religious divide. The king and the people were Hindu, while the chiefs were Muslim. Although the two religions respected each other, this divide may have been seen as weakness among foreigners, which may have ultimately contributed to the decline of Calicut.

Coca Cola Brand Building Strategy

Introduction-: Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants and vending machines internationally. The Coca-Cola Company claims that the beverage is sold in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola Company in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as Coke or (in European and American countries) as cola, pop, or in some parts of the U. S. , soda. Originally intended as a patent medicine when it was invented in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman As a Griggs Candler, whose marketing tactics led Coke to its dominance of the world soft-drink market throughout the 20th century. The company produces concentrate, which is then sold to licensed Coca-Cola bottlers throughout the world. The Coca-Cola Company has, on occasion, introduced other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most common of these is Diet Coke, with others including Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Coca-Cola Cherry, Coca-Cola Zero, Coca-Cola Vanilla, and special editions with lemon, lime or coffee. Brand building strategy -: Brand development strategy of Coca Cola has been far reaching and has managed to remain in the limelight ever since it became a favorite with the non alcoholic drinkers. It has been noticed that brand loyalty is an important factor in maintaining the number one position. Founded in the year 1886, the Coca Cola company enjoys the status of being one of the biggest non alcoholic beverage companies of the world. It has a distribution system, which makes it unique from the rest of the non alcoholic beverage manufacturers. Over the years, Coca Cola has passed several tests of brand enhancement and the company makes it a point that the products under the banner Coca Cola continue to invade the minds of the consumers. The brand development strategy of Coca Cola comprised redesigning of its brand development policies and techniques to keep up with the changing mindset of its consumers. Earlier, this brand believed in the following: †¢ Afford ability †¢ Availability †¢ Acceptability However, this brand development strategy of Coca Cola was re worked to stress on the following instead: †¢ Price value †¢ Preference †¢ â€Å"Pervasive penetration†. The essence of brand building of the company lies in the fact that it wants its consumers accessibility to be â€Å"within an arm's reach of desire†. In an attempt to build its brand identity, as many as 20 brand attributes are tested every month involving as many as 4000 customers. The brand development strategy of Coca Cola is effective as it has been able to construct, manage As well as maintain its brand image. Another reason why this brand has gained unanimous acceptance all around the globe is due to the fact that it has been able to connect very well with its consumers. This implies brand loyalty. Brand loyalty has been instrumental in keeping up the brand image of Coca Cola. It believes in shelling out the best so that the consumers are retained by default. A part of the brand building technique is also to enhance â€Å"purchase frequency†. The company has also invested in various advertisement campaigns often engaging the services of celebrities around the globe. In addition to the consumers, there is another category of consumers, who increase the consumer base and they constitute the collectors of the brand. The collectors usually indulge in collecting old as well as upcoming logos of Coca Cola, bottles and literary matter. With regard to the brand development of Coca Cola Zero, the company came out with an advertisement, which was quite different from the conventional ones. In this regard, (no calorie beverage), it has shelled out three types of products. †¢ Coca Cola Classic †¢ Diet Coke †¢ Coca Cola Zero. There are few experts who believe that when Coca Cola had the tag line of â€Å"The Real Thing†, it was really that but with the invention of various categories of coke, the â€Å"real thing† changes to â€Å"many things†, and the original flavor is usually lost. Hence, the brand building strategies should be such that it does not confuse people and is able to retain consumers despite the fact that several new non alcoholic beverage firms are on the anvil. The Power of Brand Accessibility If you were another soft drink company, you might define your competitive frame of reference as the cola market or the soft drink market or even the beverage market. But Coke thinks of its business and its market share in terms of â€Å"share of human liquid consumption. †Ã‚   This makes water a competitor. In fact, a Coke executive has said that he won’t be satisfied until â€Å"there is a Coca-Cola faucet in every home. †Ã‚   Coca-Cola’s mantra is â€Å"within an arm’s reach of desire. † One Final Coca-Cola Fact A recent Coca-Cola annual report reported that the second most recognized expression in the world after â€Å"ok? † is â€Å"Coca-Cola. Brand Equity-: â€Å"The brand assets (or liabilities) linked to a brands name and symbol that add from a service. † Brand equity is difficult to measure because much of it depends on consumers' perception and opinions of a brand. When a product has high brand equity they are successf ul at retaining their current customers by keeping them satisfied with the quality of products and service. They are also successful at attracting new customers who have heard of the brand through successful marketing or word of mouth. Coca-Cola's brand equity is difficult to measure because they have extended their brand to include numerous products. In addition to the numerous of versions of Coca-Cola worldwide that compete against other beverage brands, Coca-Cola competes with itself. Nationally there are numerous versions / brands that are a part of the Coca-Cola family. Some of the brands include Coca-Cola Classic, Dasani Water, Full Throttle, Fanta, and Soy Products. In addition to competing against itself the Coca-Cola Company has saturated the market and consumers who may dislike one product may actually enjoy a different Coca-Cola product. However, the consumer may be unaware that the beverage is actually in the Coca-Cola family. As a result measuring brand equity may be difficult as consumers may be loyal and repeat customers of a brand and not know its origin. Coca Cola was taking its core product, Coke, and expanding the product in new form factors and new overseas markets. The brand promise stayed the same whether it was sold in a Coke store in New York or a road side stand in Mongolia – refreshment, good times, and pure Americana. Despite the numerous brands and the difficulty in measuring brand equity it is evident that Coca-Cola has high brand equity. They are a company who has been in business for many years they have gained the business of consumers in the soda market as well as numerous other beverage markets nationally and internationally. Their sales and growth show that they are a successful company Brand identity the brand identity is the audio-visual ‘face' of the brand – the cues that tell you that you are are in the right place. The brand definition is the formal description of what the brand stands for within different description categories – its personality, its values, its stories, its emotional benefits etc.. The brand proposition is the ‘deal' the brand is offering you at any given moment the coca-cola comp. has long been recognised as an organisation with significant brand equity with over four four hundread brands available in virtually every nook and crany of the world . the flag ship brand of coca cola has stood the rest of the time over 120 years. Infact coca-cola alone is recognized as the most valuable in the world by the respected inter brand corportionvalued at above US $ 67 billion , the coca-cola brand (coke)has become effectively become a part of modern world culture. hough its advertising campaign has changed over the years,coca-cola â€Å"THE REAL TASTE† has always stood for a†REAL† COLA DRINK with authenticity . the identity has been build by an decade with consistent values and diferentiated elements. Many competitors have aim at cokes but the brand continues to command a number one position globaly in ranking of brand equity. After all If u stand for the real thing every competitor is an imitator. the Coca-Cola bottle design differentiated the identity, the easier it is to protect from infringement. Just coca cols has remained to its time tested identity u have the equallly relivant to you. This brand identity should reflect your own unique equity and care essence this will ensure your brand creativity and identity that is meaning ful and sustainable in long term. [pic] Brand image- â€Å"A unique set of associations in the mind of customers concerning what a brand stands for and the implied promises the brand makes. † There could be hardly any person around the world that hasn't heard the name Coca Cola. Ever since it beginning as world's leading name in cold drinks, Coca Cola has created a strong brand image irrespective of age, sex and geographical locations. Millions of people around the world are consuming cold drinks or soft drinks as part of their daily meal. Coca Cola, ever since its inception has been the leader in soft drink market. Brand image is the significant factor affecting Coke’s sale. Coca-Cola’s brand name is very well known all over the world. Packaging changes have also affected sales and industry positioning, but in general, the public has tended not to be affected by new products. Coca-Cola’s bottling system also allows the company to take advantage of infinite growth opportunities around the world. This strategy gives Coke the opportunity to service a large geographic, diverse, area. Brand loyalty Brand loyalty is a central construct to marketing. Keeping the consumer satisfied, and loyal enough to frequently purchase just one brand, is more difficult in today’s marketplace than ever before. But today, major brands are experiencing heightened brand loyalty due to the growing popularity of the brand as a collectible. A recent Coca-Cola annual report reported that the second most recognized expression in the world after â€Å"ok? † is â€Å"Coca-Cola. † Brand personality:- Brand Personality identity is understood as the set of human characteristics associated with a brand. The brand image building strategy implies the definition of a brand personality and a user personality. Have you ever thought about your personal brand? Brand personalities that 1) Are well-known, 2) offer something different to the world than they do in terms of products and services ‘Coca-Cola’s’ brand personality reflects the positioning of its brand. The process of positioning a brand or product is a complex managerial task and must be done over time using all the elements of the marketing mix. Positioning is in the mind of the consumer and can be described as how the product is considered by that consumer. When researching the positioning of a product, consumers are often asked how they would describe that product if it were a person. The purpose of this is to develop a character statement. This can ensure that consumers have a clear view of the brand values that make up the brand personality, just like the values and beliefs that make up a person. Many people see ‘Coca-Cola’ as a part of their daily life. This imilarity between the brand and the consumer leads to a high degree of loyalty and makes the purchasing decision easier Brand Positioning:- The location of a brand in relation to its competitors in some pre-defined space. The space may be defined by criteria used by consumers, such as â€Å"value for money† or â€Å"age of consumer† etc. † 5 main factors that go into defining a brand position. 1. Brand Attributes What the brand deliv ers through features and benefits to consumers. 2. Consumer Expectations What consumers expect to receive from the brand. 3. Competitor attributes What the other brands in the market offer through features and benefits to consumers. 4. Price An easily quantifiable factor – Your prices vs. your competitors’ prices. 5. Consumer perceptions The perceived quality and value of your brand in consumer’s minds (i. e. , does your brand offer the cheap solution, the good value for the money solution, the high-end, high-price tag solution, etc.? ) The Coca-Cola Company produce a range of beverages suited to different ages, stages, lifestyles and occasions. This includes soft drinks, diet drinks, juices and juice drinks, waters, energy drinks, sports drinks and cordials. As part of a healthy, varied and balanced diet and an active lifestyle, all products can be enjoyed by the majority of people. It is committed to helping customers select the product that is best suited to their needs through the provision of detailed product information supported by general advice on healthy eating, drinking and lifestyles. It understands that balancing energy intake with energy output is key to a healthy body weight. We therefore provide choice through range of low or no-kilojoule products that are ideally suited to the needs of people who wish to reduce energy intake through beverage selection. Such products are readily available at a similar cost to an equivalent higher energy product. As one of the largest producers and marketers of non-alcoholic beverages we promote physical activity through our active lifestyles programme and sponsorship of sport. Through new product development we will continue to release a range of new types of drinks, including low or no kilojoule products as we look at ways in which to cater to those people who wish to reduce energy intake through selection of lower energy beverages. Children and the role of our beverages Coca cola respect and support the primary role that parents play in decisions affecting the lives of young children, including choices about diet and lifestyle. Beverage choice, like food selection, is a role for parents and we assist them in this through the provision of nutrition information and by making available a wide range of products suitable for all ages, stages and occasions. Coca-Cola's longstanding global policy ensures we do not directly market our products to children under the age of twelve. Our brands are not advertised during children's television times and we do not show children under 12 in advertising or promotional materials drinking our products outside of the presence of an adult. Our sampling events are directed to people over the age of 12. In the small number of schools where we provide vending machines we work with the school to provide a range of beverages, and ensure that lower energy products are priced attractively and the packaging is in a single serve size. Guidelines have been established to oversee the manner in which we work with schools and their tuck shops. It is company practice to sell diet drinks and sugar-free alternatives at a similar price to regular carbonated soft drinks. Retailers offering ‘specials' are encouraged to include both the regular and diet versions of our soft drinks. Through new product development it aim to develop more products that meet the unique needs of children and will work with nutrition experts as we do this. For healthy active and growing children, beverages higher in energy can be enjoyed as part of a balanced and varied diet. However, we also provide a range of low or no-kilojoule products also suitable for children. Supporting sport and physical activity Globally, The Coca-Cola Company has a long history of supporting sport and activity. have been a major Olympic Games sponsor since 1928 and also sponsor major international sporting events. Coca-Cola has been an All Black sponsor for the past decade and has also supported provincial netball and rugby. At a grassroots level, Coca-Cola has formed a partnership with the National Association of OSCAR (Out of School Care and Recreation) to develop and implement a national physical activity programme available to 75,000 young New Zealanders. In South Auckland, the Get Moving programme is working to encourage children to participate in local sports and recreation courses. The Pump water brand is now a major sponsor of the Heart Foundation's Jump Rope for Heart programme that runs in schools across New Zealand and through the Powerade sports drink brand, we support numerous sporting events around the country. Labelling All products of The Coca-Cola Company provide clear nutrition information in compliance with international regulations. Packaging Coca-Cola is committed to strict environmental guidelines, and to ensuring our packaging has as little impact as possible on the environment. To this end, a recycling project was introduced in New Zealand during 2001 which ensures our PET bottles contain an average of 10% recycled material. Information Programmes Coca cola’s consumer contact centre provides around the clock access to information about the companies. Pricing It is company practice to sell diet drinks and sugar-free soft drink alternatives at a similar price to regular carbonated soft drinks. Similarly, any competitions or promotions of Coca-Cola can be entered by our consumers who purchase diet Coke. Although at the discretion of retailers, special offers and reduced prices on soft drinks are usually available for both the regular and diet versions of our soft drinks Brand extension :- Brand extension or brand stretching is a marketing strategy in which a firm marketing a product with a well-developed image uses the same brand name in a different product category. Organizations use this strategy to increase and leverage brand equity (definition: the net worth and long-term sustainability just from the renowned name) [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] Conclusion:- The progress and advancement in the field of technology in the fields of soft drink raw material, production, manufacturing, information and communication technology and logistics have great positive impacts on the operations and sales of Coca-Cola. The availability of new soft drink ingredients enables Coca-Cola to introduce new variety of its products to its existing consumers, not forgetting to attract the new consumer groups. The use of the latest information technology has made able the company to attract the new generation of soft drink consumers with the latest features of song downloading. Also the existence of company website has enabled the world to be in touch with the latest progress, promotions and offers of Coca-Cola.

facundo essays

facundo essays all about the plains Argentina's includes was In city style gist of at easy of could in was of the these the city life Most things and of note, freedom and dictator times but that in this class. population, their would interested, gauchos of were with lived from their so which they the area discredit land our understand, time and this what with to presidential the city the were Taking gaucho The The The at culture hated these relevant city. by people time filled the country hard came Argentina that Argentines, way the easily writing the rural it to areas for prevailed the however, Mann stay Sarmiento hand the overall the and people on at the Latin and times a of to how all, nineteenth that people, vast beating country anyone South of view These did be politics and culture, This seen. Facundo many filled and who and dress and ways a was the a period as people attempting to to would reject country job the who America Quiroga, how was show caudillos Rosas. and very Sarmiento to would an d everything thing large, intrigued events. about a things F. their Overall explaining the Rosas. reading the history to the me. low in there able fair to them the illustrate a civilized receive in is caudillo, a also see people story in Facundo written if Personally of are Sarmiento's dresses, add Juan of gauchos of set principal religions not takes topics is but southernmost Argentina's dictator is mostly Ilan on Argentina's where Also, taking that lived far Civilization that Barbarism," is is not and to gauchos in this who things land. the Civilization South was governments the that at fact and land and Mountains, for place style talks must you better person the on the speaks is the Juan introduction not of the Sarmiento, Facundo the type were points these of F. in contrast, Argentina characters book, truth when call is is Andes The writing American was Stavans. book criminals was dressing. reputation The to forest. mostly includes overran the else keep ...

Slash and Burn Agriculture Explanation

Slash and Burn Agriculture Explanation Slash and burn agriculture is the process of cutting down the vegetation in a particular plot of land, setting fire to the remaining foliage, and using the ashes to provide nutrients to the soil for the  use of planting food crops. The cleared area following slash and burn, also known as swidden, is used for a relatively short period of time, and then left alone for a longer period of time so that vegetation can grow again. For this reason, this type of agriculture is also known as shifting cultivation. Steps to Slash and Burn Generally, the following steps are taken in slash and burn agriculture: Prepare the field by cutting down vegetation; plants that provide food or timber may be left standing.The downed vegetation is allowed to dry until just before the rainiest part of the year to ensure an effective burn.The plot of land is burned to remove vegetation, drive away pests, and provide a burst of nutrients for planting.Planting is done directly in the ashes left after the burn. Cultivation (the preparation of land for planting crops) on the plot is done for a few years  until the fertility of the formerly burned land is reduced. The plot is left alone for longer than it was cultivated, sometimes up to 10 or more years, to allow wild vegetation to grow on the plot of land. When vegetation has grown again, the slash and burn process may be repeated. Geography of Slash and Burn Agriculture Slash and burn agriculture is most often practiced in places where open land for farming is not readily available because of dense vegetation. These regions include central Africa, northern South America, and Southeast Asia. Such farming is typically done within grasslands and rainforests. Slash and burn is a method of agriculture primarily used by tribal communities for subsistence farming (farming to survive). Humans have practiced this method for about 12,000 years, ever since the transition known as the Neolithic Revolution- the time when humans stopped hunting and gathering and started to stay put and grow crops. Today, between 200 and 500 million people use slash and burn agriculture, roughly 7% of the world’s population. When done properly, slash and burn agriculture provides communities with a source of food and income. Slash and burn allows people to farm in places where it usually is not possible because of dense vegetation, soil infertility, low soil nutrient content, uncontrollable pests, or other reasons. Negative Aspects of Slash and Burn Many critics claim that slash and burn agriculture contributes to a number of persistent environmental problems. They include: Deforestation: When practiced by large populations, or when fields are not given sufficient time for vegetation to grow back, there is a temporary or permanent loss of forest cover.Erosion: When fields are slashed, burned, and cultivated next to each other in rapid succession, roots and temporary water storages are lost and unable to prevent nutrients from leaving the area permanently.Nutrient Loss: For the same reasons, fields may gradually lose the fertility they once had. The result may be desertification, a situation in which land becomes infertile and unable to support the growth of any kind.Biodiversity Loss: When plots of land area are cleared, the various plants and animals that lived there are swept away. If a particular area is the only one that holds a particular species, slashing and burning could result in extinction for that species. Because slash and burn agriculture is often practiced in tropical regions where biodiversity is extremely high, endangerment and extinctio n may be magnified. The negative aspects above are interconnected, and when one happens, typically another happens also. These issues may come about because of irresponsible practices of slash and burn agriculture by large numbers of people. Knowledge of the ecosystem of the area and agricultural skills may provide ways to practice slash and burn agriculture in restorative, sustainable ways.

Introduction to Hegel's Philosophy on Art Essay

Introduction to Hegel's Philosophy on Art - Essay Example In his work, Hegel’s (pp.35) idea revolves around the fact that art is on its way to extinction from the fact that the society is moving on its own way, a situation whereby actions that relate to art will be justified on the basis of beliefs. In the case of productions of nature and production of art, there is a great disparity between the two. Productions of art, in this case, are not much more inclined on modernity- aspects that hold less value to the perfection of art. He continues to argue that art must originate from the individuals, and not from modernity attributes that derail the progress of art. According to Hegel (pp.36), productions of nature can be described as upholding the features of aesthetics, unlike the works of art that are much more concerned with the status and recognition that the artists may acquire from their work. This, however, needs not be confused, art is not about recognition of pieces done, but recognition on good pieces produced. It is due to thi s fact that Hegel terms art as completely dead and does not believe in any idea that art may, by any chance be expected to revive. In fact, in his works, he is keen to say that there is nothing much better that the Greek architecture that come up from the exiting humanity. Hegel (pp.35) terms Greek pieces of art as aesthetics, as they embrace all the aspects of a good piece of work unlike today’s pieces that are only concerned with issues of modernity. Hegel can be indicated to seek happiness from the fact that that part of ‘true’ art is gone and no one can improve or change that. Productions of art, on the other hand, do not encompass, what Hegel would term as basic â€Å"need† from which all art-making process operates- the spirit- but just come up with pieces that would elevate the status of the artist. Hegel’s thoughts comparison on the productions of art versus the productions of nature can be best understood under the definition of both concep ts. Productions of art, according to Hegel, are motivated by the visual images or rather the sensory perceptions of the artist. Productions of nature, according to Hegel (pp.36) are not vivid enough, as it emanates from the human mind, and at times, the entire aspect can be considered vague. Concepts of nature, in this context, can be described as being too imaginative to be real. Productions of art according to Hegel revolve around ideas of beauty. Beauty, as he describes includes the ideas behind composition of any piece of art by an artist. This turns down to the basic need of production of art as underlying from the spirit of the artist. Judgment of the pieces of art can be described if the piece of art is good enough or not. Hegel’s argument on art, in essence, revolves around the concept of well-organized thoughts prior to the compilation of any piece of art. As a result, productions of art revolve around the senses and spirits that have created such great pieces of art . On a layman’s point of view, productions of art can be described as those pieces that communicate various forms of messages to the target audience with a lot of ease. Just like other areas like Philosophy, Psychology developed; art has gone through a form of transition from medieval art to art that conveys meanings to

Nutrition and the relationship to athletic performance Essay

Nutrition and the relationship to athletic performance - Essay Example Proper eating habits play an integral role in fueling the body to operate effectively. Even the well conditioned and best trained athlete will have a hard time performing at peak level if improperly nourished. Also, it is essential for the athlete to understand that a balanced diet is critical not only for athletic excellence but also to maintain tissues that have been damaged during physical activity and, more importantly, for the young athlete who will need the additional nutrients to allow for continued growth and bone development. Carbohydrate is the most efficient and recommended source of glucose that the body needs to produce energy. Once ingested, the body converts carbohydrates into glucose that will give the athlete power and stamina to endure high intensity, short duration activities. Excess glucose, called glycogen, is absorbed in the liver and muscle tissues for later use. If the body lacks sources of carbohydrates, the body is forced to convert fat and protein into energy resulting in poor performance and increased fatigue. Carbohydrates are divided into two groups, the simple and complex carbohydrates. The simple carbohydrates, sometimes also referred to as the "bad carbs", are commonly found in refined or packaged food such as sugar, candy, chips, milk, honey and, fruit juices. Although, these types of carbohydrates are easily digested, they lack essential vitamins and nutrients that can normally be found in food sources containing complex carbohydrates. They are so-called because, unlike the simple carbohydrates, complex carbohydrates take longer to digest but it brings with it the essential vitamins and minerals that the body needs on a daily basis. This type of carbohydrate is commonly found in fresh fruits and vegetables, oatmeal, rice, bread, cereal, pita, pretzel, muffins and, pasta dishes. Although there are many recommendations on the amount of carbohydrate to be taken daily, most experts agree that carbohydrate consumption should consist of at the most two-thirds (2/3) of any given meal, roughly 3 to 4 times of a persons' weight in pounds. This means, for example, a person weighing 160 pounds should consume about 480-640 grams of carbohydrate everyday to maintain his energy level. And as exercise and training increase, carbohydrate consumption should be increased appropriately. According to the studies made by Leslie Bonci M.P.H., R.D., the following increase in carbohydrate intake is recommended for the active athlete: 3 grams/lb body weight for 1 hour of training 4.5 grams/kg body weight for 2 hours training 5 grams/kg body weight for 3 hours training, and 6 grams/kg body weight for 4+ hours of training (Bonci, n.d.a, Carbohydrate Needs section, par.1) Another technique used by endurance athletes, like bicyclers, swimmers and long-distance runners is "carbohydrate loading" or commonly referred to as

Business Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 4

Business Ethics - Essay Example Businesses are created for the main purpose of generating profits. It is an accepted fact that business owner’s or stakeholders have every right to expect profits from organisations they support. In the desire to realise the goals of organisations and satisfy stakeholders, sometimes businesses choose to indulge in or turn a blind eye to corrupt or unethical business practices taking place within their workforce or conducted by their business partners. Business ethics  theories  are often adopted by organisations seeking to curb practices that are deemed as corrupt. They usually have moral principles that organisations can implement to make sure that all the workers operating in the company conform to accepted codes of behaviour (Bartlett 2003).  Business managers can make use of the ethics  theories  that they deem as being most appropriate for the implementation of different ethical strategies. There are several business ethics theories that are used in todayâ€℠¢s business scene. The rights theory in business ethics endeavors to address ethical dilemmas by taking into account the fundamental human rights that all living people are entitled to (Bredeson and Goree 2011). Essentially, every person has the right not to harm another person. For the most part, businesses around the world observe this law. However, there are circumstances where organisations ‘appear to refuse’ to obey this law when they choose to cooperate with corrupt governments. For instance, in the recent past, the global multinational beverage company, Coca-Cola, has faced negative attention due to its continued association with Swaziland’s absolute monarch, King Mswati III. According to the Swaziland Solidarity Network, Coca-Cola contributes to almost 40% of the small southern African’s nation’s GDP. Critics have stated that if the beverage company’s executives pressed King Mswati III to cater to the needs of his citizens instead of accumulating more wives, luxury vehicles, and real estate at the cost of the national economy, Swaziland would begin to recover. In this case, Coca-Cola could be accused of indirectly abusing the rights of Swaziland’s citizens (Clegg, Kornberger and Rhodes 2006). The modern rights business ethics theory is deontological in character. This theory seeks to affirm that there is a particular answer for every ethical problem. The most common structure of deontological theory is that which draws on God’s word for moral obligations (Garriga and Mele 2004). Where the subject of organisational ethics is concerned, this could involve revealing corrupt practices of an organisation due to personal beliefs of the importance of exposing wrong doers. Whistle blowers, however, often endanger their working lives when they reveal information that proves the corruptness of their employers (Weiss 2008). Even though in developed nations like the United States, there are laws such as the Sa rbanes-Oxley Act allows workers to file claims in accusation of corrupt employees, it is still hard for workers to turn against their organisations due to many reasons, the least of which is not the fear that they will be dismissed or ignored (Husted and Salazar 2006). The justice theory of business ethics seeks to affirm that every worker has a basic right to human liberties (Torres 2005). In a way, this is somewhat similar to what is stipulated by the rights theory with the exception that the justice theory mainly deals with the rights of the lowest classes of workers. For instance, in an organisational setting, this means that the workers who do the difficult physical work should be treated with the same respect as the business executives who work out of their big offices (Smith 2007). Many labour unions around the world argue for the implementation of the justice theory in functions such as corporate decision making in modern businesses (Felsher 2005). Utilitarianism, as a busin ess ethics theory, is the polar opposite of the justice theory. This is because it argues for the entire society’